JVM Languages
Kotlin vs. Java: A Coexistence Story
When Kotlin first came out, I thought it was just a fad. But after Google made it first-class for Android, and I saw my colleagues writing less boilerplate…
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JVM Languages
Spring Framework
Dependency Injection: Why `new` Is Not Always Your Friend
Early in my career, I used the `new` keyword everywhere. `new UserService(new UserRepository(new Database()))`. I thought I was being efficient. Then came…
Reactive Programming
Introduction to Reactive Programming with Project Reactor
Asynchronous programming used to give me headaches until I started using Project Reactor. It’s the foundation of Spring WebFlux, and it changes how you t…
Best Practices
Working with Legacy Code: The Boy Scout Rule
We all have that one project in our careers—the codebase that’s 15 years old, uses Java 6, and no one understands it fully. I inherited one of these la…
Design Patterns
Design Patterns: The Factory Pattern in Real Life
I used to think design patterns were academic nonsense until I found myself writing a payment processing system. We had to support credit cards, PayPal, an…
Modern Java
Exploring Java 21: Virtual Threads Are a Game Changer
I’ve been waiting for virtual threads (Project Loom) for years. Traditionally, Java’s concurrency model was based on operating system threads, which ar…
Testing
Unit Testing in Java with JUnit 5 and Mockito
I used to hate writing tests. I thought it was a waste of time until I had to refactor a legacy module with 100% coupling. I broke everything, and I spent…
Build Tools
Getting Started with Maven: Beyond the Basics
When I graduated from university, I knew how to write Java, but I had no idea how to manage dependencies. I used to download JAR files manually and drop th…
Core Java
Java Streams: Stop Writing For-Loops Like It’s 2010
I recently did a code review for a junior developer, and I saw a massive block of nested for-loops just to filter a list and map some objects. It was funct…